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Description
When the infrastructure of our present-day towns and cities was being created and developed, large numbers of workers had to be employed on the installation sites. Trenches for laying pipes were excavated by hand, the pipes were lowered into the trenches without any mechanical lifting gear and vast amounts of sand and backfill material were shovelled in by hand.The most widely used material for the pipes was cast iron and the joints between the pipes were sealed with hanks of hemp and poured lead.
Today, after more than 100 to 120 years, there is a need for the networks of pipes that were laid at the time to be rehabilitated and replaced.
In the town and city streets where there was once plenty of space for pedestrians to stroll and elegant carriages to drive, there are now several lanes of dense motor traffic and kerbs are blocked by parked cars, which means that delivery vehicles often double-park and hold up the traffic even more.
If the rehabilitation or replacement work on the existing networks of pipes had to be done in conventional open-cut trenches, traffic generally would almost grind to a halt (see Fig. 2.1) and it would be the community that had to suffer the additional costs of delays and exhaust fume and noise emissions and the loss of retail income caused by the obstruction to public travel.
Content:-
TRM Manual
Trenchless installation of ductile iron pipes
List of contents
1. Foreword
2. Why trenchless?
3. Why ductile iron pipes?
4. Trenchless installation techniques
5. Other installation techniques
6. Technical data sheets
7. Installation instructions
8. Reference documents
9. Your contacts
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