Author Details
Dr. Abdel-Alim Hashem
Professor of Petroleum Engineering
Mining, Petroleum & Metallurgical Eng.
Dept.
Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
aelsayed@mail.eng.cu.edu.eg
ahshem2000@yahoo.com
Content :-
Introduction
* Load Considerations
* Stress Due To Internal Fluid Pressure
* Steady Pressure
* Un-steady Pressure (Water Hammer)
* Hydrostatic Pressure
* Stress Due To External Fluid Pressure
* Static Earth Load On Buried Pipe
- Marston's Theory and Classification of Buried Conduits
- Rigid Conduit in Ditch
- Flexible Conduit in Ditch
- Embankment Conduit
- Tunnel Conduit
* Other Loads On Pipelines
* Performance Analysis And Design
- High Pressure Pipes
- Effect of Temperature Change
- Effects of Pipe Bending
- Seismic Design of Pipelines
- Soil Classification
- Rigid Pipe Types and Bearing Strength
- Standard Installations
- Design Procedure
- Flexible-Pipe Analysis and Design
INTRODUCTION
Pipeline design includes several general steps:
- Load determination,
- Critical performance evaluation such as determining the stress and/or deformation of the pipe,
- Comparison of performance with the limiting performance criteria established by codes and standards, and
- Final selection of the pipe and construction method based on the design
- Design of pipelines has evolved separately in different industries that use pipelines.
- Different industries use pipelines for different purposes, design requirements and type of pipes are different
- Petroleum industry and the natural gas industry primarily use steel pipe with welded joints
- This allows the pipeline to withstand very high pressure, often above 1000 psig and sometimes above 3000 psig.
- High pressures allow the use of long pipelines, often more than 1000 mile, with only a few booster pump or compressor stations for each pipeline.
* Pipeline design is based on three broad categories:
- High-pressure pipes.
- Low-pressure pipes, and
- Intermediate-pressure pipes
* High-pressure pipes
- Internal pressure is so high
- It dominates the design.
- Most long-distance petroleum and natural gas pipelines belong to this
- Internal pressure is so low, or nonexistent,
- Design is governed by external loads.
- Most sewer pipes and culverts belong to this category.
- Internal pressure load and the external loads are of similar magnitudes
- Both must be considered.
- This group includes pressure sewer pipes, water pipes, and certain petroleum and natural gas pipes.
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