Lecture Note's on Piston,Piston Rings, Connecting Rod - PDF

What is Piston  ?

A piston is a cylindrical engine main component of reciprocating engines that slides back and forth in the cylinder bore by forces produced during the combustion process. And also Piston are employed in reciprocating pumps, gas compressors and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms.The piston acts as a movable end of the combustion chamber. The stationary end of the combustion chamber is the cylinder head. Pistons are commonly made of a cast aluminum alloy for excellent and lightweight thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity is the ability of a material to conduct and transfer heat. . Depending on the application, engineers will put them to the test in a pressure chamber. Most pistons are made from die- or gravity-cast aluminum alloy. Cast aluminum alloy is lightweight and has good structural integrity and low manufacturing costs.
 

Piston Rings Role ?

They transfer 60 percent of the heat from the piston to the cylinder wall.
The main function of PISTON RING To give a gas-tight sealing of the clearance between the piston and the liner.
They prevent the fuel/air mixture and exhaust in the combustion chamber from leaking into the sump during compression and combustion.
They keep oil in the sump from leaking into the combustion area, where it would be burned and lost.
Piston rings are fitted in grooves which have been cut in the piston. They are split at one end so they can expand or slipped over the end of piston.
Piston rings prevent the piston from knocking on the cylinder wall.

What is Connecting Rod ?

A connecting rod, also called a 'con rod', is the part of a piston engine which connects the piston to the crankshaft. Together with the crank, the connecting rod converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotation of the crankshaft.The connecting rod is required to transmit the compressive and tensile forces from the piston. In its most common form, in an internal combustion engine, it allows pivoting on the piston end and rotation on the shaft end.
The predecessor to the connecting rod is a mechanic linkage used by water mills to convert rotating motion of the water wheel into reciprocating motion.

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